In summary, Lava Zone 1 includes summits and rift zones of Kilauea and Mauna Loa where vents have been repeatedly active in historical time. In the District of Ka‘u, some parts of Ocean View are included in Lava Zone 1. Where are the Lava Zone 1 areas located on the Big Island? In the District of Puna, designated Lava Zone 1 areas include Leilani Estate, Royal Gardens, Kalapana Vacation Lots, and some areas of Kapoho. Conversely, the town of Hawi in North Kohala is located in a Lava Zone 9, where the last eruption was more than 60,000 years ago. Additionally, the scenic beauty of remote locations like the old Royal Gardens subdivision on Kilauea’s East Rift Zone attracts a certain kind of homeowner willing to roll the dice on living in a high-risk Lava Zone 1 location. The upside of living in a Lava Zone 1, however, is that property is substantially more affordable-way more affordable, in fact- than anywhere in the entire state of Hawaii. It stands to reason that obtaining lending or homeowner’s insurance could be challenging if you are seeking to live just downslope from an active lava flow in Puna or Kalapana, for example. For example, Lava Zone 1 is the highest-risk zone for potential lava hazards, while Lava Zone 9 poses little or no risk at all. However, it is likely that only part of a zone will be buried in a single eruption.No matter where you choose to live on the Big Island, you will be living in one of nine designated lava zones on the island. When an eruption begins, the zones can be used to quickly identify communities, infrastructure, and roads that could be affected by lava flows from the erupting vent(s). Nine maps depicting 18 inundation zones, each including potential future vent locations and the corresponding downslope areas that could be buried if future lava flows reached the ocean. Their locations help identify the approximate pathways for future flows that erupt in similar locations. These flows originated from vents in the summit area, rift zones, and flanks of the volcano. HVO scientists have mapped more than 500 individual lava flows on Mauna Loa Volcano. Past lava flows define inundation zones: Mauna Loa Estimates of lava flow travel times are based on known advance rates of active flows and earlier flows from within the same area. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) scientists use two methods to forecast the path of a lava flow: broad inundation zones based on the mapped pathways of previous lava flows, and steepest descent paths based on a digital elevation model of a volcano's topography or surface. Lava inundation zone map, Mauna Loa, Hawai‘i. Lava flow forecasts based on past flows and topography Please visit the Frequently Asked Questions and Answers about Lava-Flow Hazards for more information. The 1992 lava flow hazard zone map is also available as a downloadable KMZ file, and you can read more about viewing it in Google Earth or as a GIS layer in the June 10, 2005, Volcano Watch article. The long-term lava-flow threat is greatest on Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, the two most active volcanoes, followed by Hualālai. The probability of future lava flows is not the same for all areas of the Island of Hawai‘i. The hazard boundaries are approximate, and the change in the degree of hazard is generally gradual rather than abrupt. Finally, any hazard assessment is based on the assumption that future eruptions will be similar to those in the past. The hazard zones also take into account the larger topographic features of the volcanoes that will affect the distribution of lava flows. Our knowledge of prehistoric eruptions is based on geologic mapping and dating of the old flows of each volcano. Hazard zones from lava flows are based chiefly on the location and frequency of both historic and prehistoric eruptions. 'Historic eruptions' include those for which there are written records, beginning in the early 1800s, and those that are known from the oral traditions of the Hawaiians. The latest map divides the island into 9 zones, with lava flows most likely to occur in Zone 1 and least likely in Zone 9. The first USGS map showing volcanic hazard zones on the Island of Hawai‘i was prepared in 1974 and revised in 19. Lava-flow hazard zones map, Island of Hawai‘i.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |